An anal fissure is a small tear in the lining of the anal canal that can cause sharp pain, burning and bleeding during or after bowel movements. Although this condition is common, the discomfort can interfere with daily activities, sitting, and using the toilet. Constipation and passing hard stools are frequent triggers, but persistent diarrhoea and other factors can also contribute to fissure formation. Seeking timely Anal fissure treatment Mumbai can help identify the cause of discomfort, relieve symptoms and prevent a fissure from becoming chronic. Treatment may involve dietary changes, medications, topical ointments or a surgical procedure, depending on the severity and duration of the condition.

Dr. Chintamani Godbole, a specialist in colorectal surgery practising at Gadre Hospital in Dadar East, Mumbai, evaluates colorectal conditions and helps patients understand appropriate treatment options. Early consultation can help patients manage symptoms and make informed decisions about their care.

What Is an Anal Fissure?

An anal fissure is a narrow crack or tear in the delicate lining of the anal canal. It commonly develops when hard or large stools stretch the anal opening during a bowel movement. The tear can cause pain and sometimes bleeding, particularly when stool passes over the affected area.

Acute fissures may heal within four to six weeks with appropriate care. However, a fissure that persists for more than six weeks may be considered chronic and can require additional treatment.

A chronic fissure may be associated with a small skin tag near the tear and muscle spasms that interfere with healing. Persistent symptoms should be assessed by a qualified doctor rather than managed indefinitely with home remedies.

Common Symptoms of Anal Fissures

Recognising the symptoms early can help you seek appropriate medical attention. Common signs include:

• Pain during bowel movements: Passing stools may cause sharp, cutting or burning pain.
• Pain after passing stools: Discomfort can continue for minutes or even several hours.
• Bright red bleeding: Small amounts of fresh blood may appear on toilet paper or the surface of stools.
• Itching and irritation: The skin around the anus may feel uncomfortable or sensitive.
• A visible tear or skin tag: A small crack or lump may be noticeable near the anal opening.

These symptoms can overlap with other anorectal conditions, including haemorrhoids. If you experience rectal bleeding or persistent pain, consult a doctor for an accurate diagnosis. Heavy bleeding, dizziness, fever or rapidly worsening pain requires prompt medical assessment.

What Causes Anal Fissures?

Several factors can contribute to the development of an anal fissure. Identifying the underlying trigger is an important part of treatment and prevention.

Constipation and hard stools: Passing dry, hard stools can stretch and damage the anal lining.

Straining during bowel movements: Repeated straining increases pressure on the anal canal and may aggravate an existing tear.

Chronic diarrhoea: Frequent bowel movements and irritation can damage the sensitive tissue around the anus.