An anal fissure is a small tear in the delicate lining of the anal canal that can cause sharp pain, burning and bleeding during bowel movements. It commonly develops due to constipation, hard stools or repeated straining. Although some fissures heal with conservative treatment, others may persist and require specialist medical attention. Consulting an Anal fissure specialist Mumbai can help identify the cause of your symptoms and determine the most appropriate treatment. Early diagnosis may reduce discomfort, support healing and help prevent the condition from becoming chronic.

Dr. Chintamani Godbole, a colorectal surgeon practising at Gadre Hospital in Dadar East, Mumbai, evaluates colorectal conditions and provides guidance on appropriate treatment options. Depending on the patient’s condition, management may include dietary changes, medications, topical ointments or surgery. Understanding the symptoms and available treatments can help patients make informed decisions about their colorectal health.

What Is an Anal Fissure?

An anal fissure is a narrow tear in the tissue lining the anal canal. It usually occurs when hard or large stools stretch the anal opening, damaging the sensitive tissue. The tear may cause pain during bowel movements, followed by burning or discomfort that continues for some time.

Anal fissures are generally classified into two types:

• Acute anal fissure: A recent tear that may heal within a few weeks with appropriate treatment.
• Chronic anal fissure: A tear that persists for several weeks, often with associated muscle spasm, a skin tag or changes around the wound.

Persistent fissures can become difficult to manage without medical intervention. A specialist can assess the condition, distinguish it from other anorectal problems and recommend an individualised treatment plan.

Common Symptoms of an Anal Fissure

Recognising the symptoms early can help you seek timely medical attention. Common signs include:

• Pain during bowel movements: Sharp, cutting or burning pain when passing stools.
• Pain after passing stools: Discomfort that may continue for minutes or several hours.
• Bright red bleeding: Small amounts of fresh blood on toilet paper or the surface of stools.
• Itching and irritation: Sensitivity or discomfort around the anal opening.
• A small tear or skin tag: A visible crack or lump near the affected area, particularly in chronic cases.

These symptoms can resemble those of haemorrhoids and other anorectal conditions. Rectal bleeding should not automatically be attributed to an anal fissure. Medical evaluation is important, especially when symptoms persist, recur or worsen.

What Causes Anal Fissures?

Several factors can contribute to the development of an anal fissure. Identifying these triggers is an important part of treatment and prevention.